Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Inoperable Non-metastasized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
brief summary
This is a multicenter randomized phase II trial that aims to include 160 patients with a non-metastatic (localized), inoperable pancreatic tumor. The study will take place at multiple centers across Europe. The primary objective of the study is to demonstrate superiority in progression free survival (PFS) by adding stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to chemotherapy for patients with an inoperable non-metastasized pancreatic tumor. SBRT is a radiotherapy technique (i.e. destroying cancer cells by means of ionizing irradiation) in which tumors can be irradiated with a high radiation dose. Surrounding healthy tissue is thus spared to the maximum extent. The primary endpoint of the TORPEDO study is 2-year PFS defined as the percentage of patients who are free of disease progression at 110 weeks after the date when the patients were drawn into 2 treatment groups (i.e. randomization). Secondary outcomes are, among others, quality of life, acute and late toxicity (i.e. adverse events), metastasis-free survival, local progression-free survival, overall survival, subsequent resectability, R0 resection and surgical morbidity. During the study, patients without disease progression after 3 months of induction chemotherapy will be randomized 1:1 to either treatment with chemotherapy or treatment with a combination of chemotherapy and SBRT (5 x 8 Gy). After randomization, ten-weekly follow-up visits will occur during two years to evaluate the quality of life, general blood parameters and general health condition of the patient. Moreover, toxicity will be evaluated as well as efficiency and safety of the treatment (e.g. by means of imaging). At any time during this follow-up period, imaging (CT scan, MRI scan) will be used to determine whether surgery can still be performed to improve patient survival.
detailed description
The occurrence of pancreatic cancer is increasing in Belgium. Although this type of cancer is severe, there are only a limited number of treatment options. The preferred treatment is usually surgery. However, this is only possible in certain circumstances. If surgery is not possible, chemotherapy is administered to improve survival. A combination of chemotherapy and SBRT followed by surgery if possible has already been used in some studies and will be investigated in a larger number of subjects with the TORPEDO study.
A patient needs to sign an informed consent form before participating in the TORPEDO study. Participation in the TORPEDO study consists of the following phases: screening, induction chemotherapy, restaging and randomization, treatment and a follow-up phase (during which resectability is multidisciplinary evaluated at any time).
During the screening phase, eligibility of the patient to participate in the study will be assessed. Demographics data, information regarding medical history, prior medications and adverse events will be recorded. Moreover, a clinical assessment, blood tests to assess general blood parameters, a CT chest/abdomen and MRI pancreas will be performed. Eligible patients (according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria) will receive induction chemotherapy (standard of care) during 12 weeks. Either 6 cycles of mFOLFIRINOX or 3 cycles of gemcitabine / nab-paclitaxel will be administered. If at the end of 12 weeks of induction chemotherapy (restaging), CT chest/abdomen and MRI pancreas do not show extrapancreatic disease, in absence of massive gastric or intestinal invasion and if there is no known presence of an active ulcer, subjects will be randomized 1:1 to either treatment with chemotherapy (arm A) or treatment with a combination of chemotherapy and SBRT (5 x 8 Gy) (arm B).
Participants in arm A will be further treated with chemotherapy. Participants in arm B will be treated with an additional 4 weeks of chemotherapy (either 2 cycles of mFOLFIRINOX or 1 cycle of gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel) before they proceed to SBRT (5 fractions of 8 Gy), preferably followed by further chemotherapy. A maximal total duration of 24 weeks of chemotherapy (including induction chemotherapy) will be administered for all patients in arm B (SBRT-arm) and for patients in arm A undergoing R0/R1 resection. Duration of chemotherapy for patients in arm A not undergoing R0/R1 resection is left at the discretion of the treating physician.
The follow-up phase consists of ten-weekly follow-up visits during 110 weeks (+/- 1 week). These follow-up visits consist of a clinical assessment, CT chest/abdomen imaging (and MRI pancreas during the first follow-up visit), blood sampling, elicitation of AE's and assessment of the subject's quality of life through questionnaires. After these 110 weeks, patients will be followed by standard of care, six monthly during the following 3 years. After five years, patients will be followed on a yearly basis (standard of care). Follow-up data (survival status) will be collected.
official title
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Inoperable Non-metastasized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: a Randomized Phase II Study